This sounds like an essay in grade school. For today's students, it might seem like ancient history, given how little cursive writing occurs. Pencils remained consistent over time - starting in the early 16th century in Cumbria with the discover of high quality graphite. It could be sawn into sticks - what did people use it for? To mark sheep. The wood-cased pencil started in the 1600s and has stayed much the same since.
When it comes to pens, we are familiar with ink cartridge pens with the cartridge made of plastic. That is an invention that occurred in my lifetime in the early 1950s. Before that they were glass cartridges. I expect we used mostly pencils in grade school - little children are very messy and play with things that aren't meant to be dismantled.
Then ballpoint pens came along and they were like magic. The funny little ball rolling along. It was in the 1960s that Bic launched its marketing campaign "Writes The First Time, Every Time!" We all got our Bic pens, and the ink cartridge pens were left to dry out in the drawer.
How many Bic Cristal pens have been sold? Over 100 billion by September 2006. It was launched in 1950, and Wikipedia says 57 are sold per second.
Pen and pencil drawing art has been with us for many years. Now with computers, we can make pencil and ink drawings with plug in filters. Our first two images today show the use of ink drawing techniques on the computer with Flaming Pear's India Ink plug in. The third image is a montage of a grunge image and a pencil texture.
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